Digital Solutions for Climate Action: Using ICT to Raise Ambition on Climate Action in Low and Medium Income Countries

In 2020, GeSI conducted research focused on the enabling role of digital technologies for climate action in low and medium income countries. The report highlights how digital technologies can play a pivotal role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and driving climate adaptation by 2030, focusing on seven countries: Brazil, Chile, China, India, Kenya, South Africa, and Vietnam. The report assesses the current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of these countries and their digital readiness, pinpointing four key sectors—power, transport, manufacturing and construction, and agriculture—where digital solutions could have a significant decarbonizing impact. Additionally, the report evaluates the emissions generated by digital technologies themselves to provide a balanced perspective.

Digital tools identified as having high potential for decarbonization include smart grids and buildings, which enhance energy efficiency and manage renewable energy through advanced communication systems. Intelligent transport systems, like real-time traffic management, smart logistics, and predictive maintenance, offer opportunities to decarbonize the movement of goods and people. Industry 4.0 technologies—big data, IoT, machine learning, and cloud computing—are set to revolutionize manufacturing processes, making them more connected and efficient. Precision agriculture is also highlighted for its role in improving the efficient use of nitrogen-based fertilizers and livestock management, reducing emissions while increasing productivity.

The report emphasizes that achieving more ambitious NDCs will require coordinated action across various levels, but digital technologies are key enablers. Tailored solutions, such as fast internet, cognitive technologies, and blockchain, can support each country’s unique conditions, leveraging existing digital infrastructure and power sources to meet their climate targets. This report shows that digital transformation has the potential not only to help these countries meet their climate goals but also to contribute significantly to global sustainability efforts.

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